“双碳”目标下火电厂碳核算主要方法综述

Overview of Carbon Accounting Methods for Thermal Power Plants under Dual Carbon Target

摘要:

中国提出的“碳达峰、碳中和”目标旨在应对全球气候变化，减少温室气体排放，最终实现碳排放量与碳吸收量之间的平衡，从而为全球环境保护和可持续发展做出贡献。作为中国最大的碳排放源，火电行业承担的减排任务极为艰巨，其减排活动具有重要意义。火电厂碳核算是针对火电厂所排放的温室气体进行测量、计算和报告的活动。火电厂主要的温室气体是二氧化碳，其排放量与燃料类型、工艺流程、燃烧效率等因素有关。针对火电厂碳核算综述了主要标准、政策、方法和技术，分析了各种方法的优缺点和适用范围，展望了火电厂碳核算的发展趋势和挑战。

Abstract:

"carbon peaking and carbon neutrality" goals proposed by China aim to address global climate change, reduce greenhouse gas emissions and ultimately achieve a balance between carbon emissions and carbon absorption, so as to make a contribution to global environmental protection and sustainable development. As the largest source of carbon emissions in China, the thermal power industry bears a significant burden in emission reduction which makes its reduction efforts vitally important. Carbon accounting in thermal power plants involves measuring, calculating and reporting the emitted greenhouse gases. The main greenhouse gas from thermal power plants is carbon dioxide, and its emissions are related to the factors such as fuel type, process flow and combustion efficiency. Aiming at carbon accounting of thermal power plants, an overview of main standards, policies, methods and technologies is provided, the advantages and disadvantages of various methods and their applicability are analyzed, and the development trends and challenges of carbon accounting in thermal power plants are prospected.