计及响应不确定性的可调度负荷响应及惩罚价格随机优化

Stochastic Optimization of Dispatchable Load Response and Punishment Price Considering Response Uncertainty

摘要:

可调度负荷（DL）参与需求响应能够减小系统功率偏差，促进可再生能源消纳。但受到调节能力的限制，其响应具有不确定性，进而影响各市场主体的利益。针对响应偏差可以制定惩罚机制，但惩罚过于宽松则效果有限，过于严苛则会降低DL的响应积极性。文中将响应偏差作为随机变量，基于响应价格与响应量、惩罚价格与响应偏差之间的关系，提出了针对DL响应量与惩罚价格的随机优化模型，并通过期望模型将其转化为确定性优化模型。最后，通过算例验证了所提模型的有效性。

Abstract:

Dispatchable load (DL) participating in demand response will reduce system power deviation and promote renewable energy consumption. But with limited regulation capability, the response of DL is uncertain, which is undesirable to the market participators. A punishment mechanism for response deviation can be formulated. But a loose punishment is not effective, and a severe punishment will reduce the enthusiasm of DL supplier. Taking the response deviation as a random contributing factor, a stochastic optimization model of DL response amount and punishment price is proposed based on the relationship between response price and amount, punishment price and response deviation. With the expectation model, it is transformed to deterministic optimization model. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed models is verified by numerical results.