Abstract:The switching process of on - load tap changer ( OLTC) is introduced. The oil color spectrum analysis,short - circuit impedance,winding deformation,winding DC resistance and the switching time and action sequence of on - load tap changer are tested based on the fault of on - load tap changer of a 110 kV transformer. The cause and process of the accident are analyzed according to those test results combined with the inspection of hanging cover,and a new preventive detection method and new organizational measures are given for the accident.