雷击风力发电机塔筒的电磁干扰分析

摘要:

为了研究风电机组内电子设备所受到的雷电电磁干扰，采用有限元数值分析软件( ANSYS) 对风力发电机的 塔筒进行建模，通过对雷击塔筒时产生的电场和磁场进行计算，得到整个风力发电机塔筒部分的电磁场分布规律及 各处所产生的磁感应强度;在该计算的基础上，根据法拉第电磁感应方程计算出塔内空间任意回路中的感应电动势， 找到了影响其大小的因素，并提出了相应的防护措施。经过分析得到的结论是: 雷击塔筒顶部时塔顶和塔底产生的 磁场较大;塔筒内空间所产生的磁场强度是由中心向塔筒壁不断增大; 塔筒内部空间的导体回路所感应出的电动势 大小由距干扰源距离和回路面积决定，其中，面积因素起主导作用。因此，可为塔内电子系统的防雷设计提供依据。

Abstract:

In order to study the electromagnetic interference on electronic equipment in wind turbine caused by lightning，the modeling of the tower of wind turbine is carried out with the software ANSYS． Through the calculation of electric and magnetic fields when the tower is suffering from the lightning stroke，the distribution of electromagnetic field of the whole wind turbine tower and the strength of magnetic induction in each place are obtained． On the basis of calculation and according to the induced electromotive force in any loops of the tower space calculated by the Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction equation， the factors which affect its size are funded and some corresponding protective measures are put forward． The conclusions are as follow: the magnetic field is larger in both the top and bottom of the tower and the magnetic field intensity generated in the tower increases from the center to the tower wall; the electromotive force inducted by conductor loop of the tower internal space are determined by the distance with interference source and the loop area，which can be used as a basis for the lightning protection design of electronic system in the tower．